| Description |
1 online resource (207 pages). |
|
text file |
|
PDF |
| Series |
Contemporary Clinical Neuroscience
|
|
Contemporary clinical neuroscience.
|
| Contents |
Contributors; Part I: Disruption of Thyroid Hormone Action at Molecular Level; Chapter 1: Mechanisms for€Thyroid Hormone Action in€the€CNS; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 The Hypothalamic/Pituitary/Thyroid Axis; 1.3 TH Synthesis; 1.4 TH Transport in€Circulation; 1.5 TH Transporters; 1.6 TH Deiodinases; 1.7 Thyroid Hormone Receptors; 1.8 TR Binding to€Thyroid Hormone Response Elements; 1.9 TR-Mediated Transcriptional Activity; 1.10 Basal Repression of€Transcription by TRs; 1.11 Transcriptional Activation by TRs; 1.12 Negative Transcriptional Regulation by TRs; 1.12.1 TR Action in€the€CNS. |
|
1.12.2 Molecular Targets of€TRs in€the€CNS1.13 Non-genomic Actions of€TH; 1.14 Summary; References; Chapter 2: Deiodinase and€Brain Development; 2.1 Introduction; 2.1.1 Thyroid Hormone Metabolism; 2.1.2 Iodothyronine Deiodinases and€Central Nervous System; 2.1.3 Thyroid Hormones in€Neurological Development; 2.1.4 Iodothyronine Deiodinases in€Neurological Development; References; Chapter 3: Brominated Organohalogens and€Neurodevelopment: Different Mechanisms, Same Consequence; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Thyroid Hormone Signaling and€PBDE; 3.3 Neurobehavioral Effects of€PBDE. |
|
3.4 Mechanism of€PBDE Action3.4.1 In Vivo Evidence of€PBDE Action; 3.4.2 In Vitro Evidence of€PBDE Action; 3.5 Summary; References; Chapter 4: Perinatal Infection-Associated Changes in€Thyroid Hormone Status, Gut Microbiome, and€Thyroid Hormone-Mediated Neurodevelopment; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Conclusions; References; Chapter 5: Disruption of€Feedback Regulation of€Thyroid Hormone Synthesis/Secretion and€Brain Development; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Development of€the€Hypothalamus and€the€Pituitary Gland; 5.2.1 The Hypothalamus; 5.2.2 The Pituitary Gland. |
|
5.2.3 Differentiation of€the€Anterior Pituitary Cells5.2.4 The Effect of€Primary Hypothyroidism on€the€Hypothalamic-Pituitary Development; 5.3 Hormones and€Receptors in€the€Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroid Axis; 5.3.1 TRH; 5.3.2 TRH Receptor; 5.3.3 TSH; 5.3.4 TSH Receptor; 5.3.5 Thyroid Hormone and€Thyroid Hormone Receptor; 5.4 Epidemiology of€Congenital Central Hypothyroidism; 5.5 Etiology of€Congenital Central Hypothyroidism; 5.5.1 Pituitary Adenoma; 5.5.2 Abnormalities Related to€Pituitary Development; 5.5.3 Gestational Hyperthyroidism; 5.5.4 Genetic Mutations. |
|
5.6 Neuronal Symptoms in€Congenital Central Hypothyroidism5.7 Experimental Approaches Using Animal Models; 5.8 Potential Roles of€TRH in€the€Brain Besides€the€Regulation of€Thyroid Hormone Homeostasis; 5.9 Perspectives; References; Part II: Animal Models to Study Thyroid Hormone Disruption on Neurodevelopment; Chapter 6: Animal Models to€Study Thyroid Hormone Action in€Neurodevelopment; 6.1 Animal Models for€Thyroid Dysgenesis or Thyroid Dyshormonogenesis; 6.1.1 Animal Models for€Thyroid Dysgenesis; 6.1.2 Animal Models for€Thyroid Dyshormonogenesis; Antithyroid Drug-Induced Hypothyroidism. |
|
Mutant Animals Showing Thyroid Dyshormonogenesis. |
| Summary |
Thyroid hormone plays an important role in development and functional maintenance in the central nervous system. Deficiency of thyroid hormone during fetal and early postnatal life induces abnormal development known as cretinism in humans. However, the molecular mechanism of thyroid hormone action has not yet been fully understood. Thyroid hormone action in the brain may be disrupted under various pathological conditions. In addition, environmental factors including endocrine-disrupting chemicals and bacterial endotoxins may disrupt thyroid hormone action in brain, causing abnormal brain development and functional disruption. This is a first book to comprehensively describe the effect of thyroid hormone disruption in the central nervous system. The first section deals with the disruption of thyroid hormone action at the molecular level. First the authors provide a summary of the possible molecular mechanisms of thyroid hormone action in the brain, then they discuss several factors that may disrupt thyroid hormone action. In the second section, animal models to study thyroid hormone action will be introduced. An interesting character of thyroid hormone deficiency is that, without thyroid hormone, the thyroid hormone receptor may act as a "repressor" of gene expression, causing more severe consequence than those of thyroid hormone receptor knockout animals. Thus, several different kind of animal models may be used to clarify the role of thyroid hormone and its receptor in the brain. In the third section, human studies on thyroid disease and neurodevelopment will be introduced. Although endemic cretinism induced by iodine deficiency and sporadic cretinism by various thyroid mutation are well known, the pathophysiological mechanisms that create each abnormal phenotype are not fully understood |
| Bibliography |
Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index. |
| Local Note |
eBooks on EBSCOhost EBSCO eBook Subscription Academic Collection - North America |
| Subject |
Thyroid hormones.
|
|
Thyroid hormones. |
|
MEDICAL -- Physiology. |
|
SCIENCE -- Life Sciences -- Human Anatomy & Physiology. |
| Added Author |
Yen, Paul M.
|
| Other Form: |
Print version: Koibuchi, Noriyuki. Thyroid Hormone Disruption and Neurodevelopment. New York, NY : Springer New York, ©2016 9781493937356 |
| ISBN |
9781493937370 (electronic book) |
|
1493937375 (electronic book) |
|
1493937359 (electronic book) |
|
9781493937356 (electronic book) |
|
9781493937356 |
| Standard No. |
9781493937356 |
|
10.1007/978-1-4939-3737-0 |
|
