| Edition |
Third edition. |
| Description |
xxv, 564 pages : illustrations ; 23 cm |
| Bibliography |
Includes bibliographical references and index. |
| Contents |
1. Introduction -- A few more inconvenient truths -- Some ground rules for studying gender -- Social life is socially based and politically structured -- Gender is a part of a network of social inequalities -- Scholarship is political -- The overarching theory of intersectionality -- Hegemonic masculinities and emphasized femininities -- Making history -- Feminist scholars seeking answers -- Feminism in the universities -- Women's movements : a broad look -- 2. Bodies and genders -- The standard story -- the interplay of sex, gender, and sexuality -- Chromosomes, hormones, and genes -- Sexed bodies in other times and other places -- Metaphors about bodies in the New World -- How many genders are there? : the evidence from other cultures -- Sexuality and sexual orientation : gendering desire -- The basis of sexuality is not "either-or" but "both-and" -- Sexuality is socially scripted -- Bodies are produced within society -- Erotic relations are historical relations -- Sexuality is racialized, race is sexualized -- Intersex and transgender bodies -- Intersexuality and ambiguity -- Embodiment and intersexuality -- A brief history of intersex -- Intersex as lived reality -- Intersex activism -- The umbrella of transgender -- Gender matters -- 3. Socialization and the social construction of gender -- The gender lenses of androcentrism, gender polarization, and essentialism -- Individual-level theories : social roles and social learning -- Interactionist theories : doing gender -- The social implications of doing gender -- Props and resources for doing gender -- Structuralist theories : Rosabeth Moss Kanter -- Opportunity structures -- Power structures -- Relative numbers -- Gendered organizations : Joan Acker -- Institutional theories -- Integrating socialization, interaction, and institutions -- Explaining bad boys in the language of socialization -- The interactional construction of bad boys and disciplinarian teachers -- Explaining how institutions create bad boys -- Gender matters -- |
|
4. Sexualities -- Comparing sexual attitudes and behaviors around the globe -- Changing attitudes toward sexuality in the United States -- Calling, dating, and hooking up -- The cult of the virgin -- Sexual rights -- The racial subtext of the sexual double standard -- Sexualized images of black men -- Racialized images of women's sexuality -- Social class and sexuality -- What is your sexuality? -- Lesbian or bisexual chic -- Men who sex with men -- Homophobia -- Heterosexism -- Competing perspectives on gendered sexuality -- Biology -- Sexual scripts -- How to be a heterosexual -- Queer theory -- Sex for sale -- Pornography -- Gendered porn -- The feminist censorship debate -- Sex workers -- Legal prostitution -- The feminist prostitution debate -- Globalization and sex trafficking -- Gender matters -- 5. Education -- Gender in the K-12 classroom -- What difference does differential treatment in schools make? -- Taming warriors in the kindergarten classroom -- Medicalizing and medicating boys in school -- Teaching materials -- Bullying -- High school -- counting gender differences in high school -- Math and science and gender -- Vocational education -- Title IX, No Child Left Behind, and single-sex schools -- SAT scores -- International comparisons on standardized tests -- Higher education and gender -- Women and higher education in the United States -- What about the boys? -- Global issues in education -- Unexpected connections between water and education -- Gender and teachers -- Evaluating professors -- The correspondence principle -- Gender matters -- 6. Gender and the global economy -- Paid work -- Who is in the paid workplace? -- Emotional labor -- Equal pay? -- Unequal opportunity : the glass ceiling, the glass elevator, and the sticky floor -- Why is there a wage gap between women and men? -- Discrimination -- Human capital -- Organization of jobs -- Gender segregation of the labor market -- Climbing the ladder of success -- Bringing politics into the picture -- How can the gender gap in promotion be closed? -- Comparable worth policies -- Success stories -- Success stories in engineering -- Retirement -- When work disappears : masculinity and homeless men -- The feminization of poverty -- Unpaid work through the life cycle -- Why is women's work invisible? -- Children and housework -- What's behind the way people divide up housework? -- Socialization theory -- Rational choice theory -- Feminist theory -- Globalization and gender -- WID, WAD, and GAD -- Gender matters -- |
|
7. Families -- Marriage -- Marriage as a legal contract and the challenge of gay rights activists -- History of marriage in the United States -- Marriage promotion in the United States -- Love and marriage -- Widowhood -- Parenting and caregiving -- Motherhood mystique -- Work and family in Latino and African American families -- Working mothers and the Mommy Wars -- Welfare mothers -- Temporary aid to needy families -- Parenting by fathers -- Men balancing work and family -- The Fatherhood Responsibility Movement -- Biology and parenting -- Another kind of family caregiving : elder care -- Gendered styles of care work -- Grandparents and care work -- Balancing work and family -- International comparisons of family support programs -- Divorce -- The gendered economics of divorce -- Challenges of divorce for men -- Variation in divorce laws in different nations -- South African divorce laws -- Repudiation in Muslim nations -- Making comparisons -- Gender matters -- 8. Violence -- The gendered continuum of violence -- Some statistics on violence -- Street harassment : a geography of fear -- Men's personal safety and gendered violence -- Rape and domestic violence -- Recent decline in rape statistics -- Accounting for rape : evolutionary theory, individual psychology, and inequality -- Evolutionary theory -- Individual psychology -- Power inequality -- Ending rape -- The discovery of domestic violence -- Studies of domestic violence -- From universality to intersectionality -- Beyond criminal justice : marginalized battered women at the center -- State violence against men -- The prison-industrial complex -- Sexual violence in men's prisons -- Gendered violence in conflict zones -- Guatemala : a case study -- What is to be done? : CEDAW, the International Criminal Court, and Security Council Resolution 1325 -- Gender matters -- 9. Health and illness as social issues -- Nation and life expectancy -- Gender and life expectancy -- Sex, gender, and health : the gendered division of labor --- The health risks and benefits of women's employment in the global north -- Poor women's health risks on the job in the global south -- Sexual and reproductive health -- Toxins and reproductive risk -- Gendered illness : believing is seeing -- Hysteria -- Frigidity -- Eating disorders -- Men's body crises -- Masculinity as a health risk -- Masculinity and heart disease -- Stratification and inequality in the health care system -- Care work : the paid or unpaid, but often invisible, foundation of health care -- Women's health movements -- Abortion in the United States -- Beyond Roe v. Wade : the struggle continues -- Women of color and sterilization abuse -- The racism and classism of sterilization -- Globalizing sterilization -- Gender and the global AIDS pandemic -- Behavioral and educational approaches -- Structural violence and the women's epidemic -- Reflections on gender and health : fighting back around the world -- Gender matters -- |
|
10. Politics, prison, and the military -- Politics and the State -- Electoral politics -- Voting rights -- The gender gap in voting -- Women elected officials -- What difference does it make? -- Why so few women? -- Gender and campaigns -- Three models for reform -- Meritocratic remedies -- Affirmative action remedies -- Radical remedies -- Political institutions : the courts and prisons -- Young people in the criminal justice system -- The War on Drugs -- Why are men so much more likely to be in prison? -- Political institutions : the military -- Women in combat -- Women and men in the military today -- Gender harassment in the military -- Why the hostility against women in the military? -- Masculinity and heterosexuality in the military -- Why are differences in the treatment of women in the military important? -- Be careful what you wish for -- Women and peace -- What is political? -- Gender matters -- 11. Popular culture and media -- Mass media and gender-- Gender on television -- Reality TV and gender -- LGBT on TV -- Missing women in the television industry -- symbolic annihilation -- Gender in advertising -- Advertising masculinity -- Men and beer -- Advertising gender in three nations -- Gender in U.S. advertising -- Gender in Turkish advertising -- Gender in Japanese advertising -- Gender in film -- Children's movies -- Sexualization of girls and women in media -- Gender and the internet -- Media theory -- Resisting media -- Music videos -- Gender matters -- 12. Sports -- Sports and masculinity -- History of sports and manliness -- Gay athletes -- Initiation rites and football -- Dangers of masculinity -- Time for a change? -- Mexican baseball players challenge hegemonic masculinity in sports -- Sportswomen -- Title IX -- International efforts to bring women into sports -- Barriers to bringing women into sports -- Women athletes, homophobia, and heterosexism -- Venus and Mars play sports -- Assimilation or reform -- Gender matters -- |
|
13. Religion -- Religion as an institution -- Importance of religion across the globe -- By the numbers -- Religion and gender : contested terrain -- Abrahamic religions -- Catholicism -- Islam -- The practice of hijab -- Women and the hijab in the United States -- Perspectives on Islam in the United Kingdom -- Buddhism -- Religion and gender : fundamentalism -- Muslim fundamentalism -- Christian fundamentalism -- Fundamentalist views of masculinity -- Fundamentalist fathers -- Evangelical feminists -- Hindu fundamentalism -- Women in the pulpit -- The Da Vinci Code and ancient religious views of women -- Religion as a free space in oppressive cultures -- Religion as a base of resistance -- Women activists in Sri Lanka -- Religion in the American Civil Rights Movement -- Challenging religions from within -- What difference would more gender-equal religions make? -- Feminist theoretical models -- Classical sociological theory on religion -- Gender matters -- 14. Globalizing, organizing, and making the world a better place -- The development paradigm -- Beyond the rural : export processing zones -- Two more global economies -- Feminist political ecology : beyond production -- A provisioning economy -- Local knowledge -- How will we change the world? |
| Subject |
Sex role.
|
|
Sex role. |
|
Women -- Social conditions.
|
|
Women -- Social conditions. |
|
Feminist theory.
|
|
Feminist theory. |
|
Gender roles. |
|
Women. |
|
Womyn. |
|
Feminist theory. |
| Added Author |
Wittner, Judith G.
|
| ISBN |
0199335613 |
|
9780199335619 |
|
