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008    171018s2015    xx      o     000 0 eng d 
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035    (OCoLC)1066653102|z(OCoLC)940922565 
037    22573/ctt19vrp8p|bJSTOR 
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043    n-us-pa 
049    RIDW 
050  4 LC66.5.P4|bK37 2015eb 
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082 04 338.4/73709748|223 
090    LC66.5.P4|bK37 2015eb 
100 1  Karoly, Lynn A. 
240 10 Economic Impact of Achievement Gaps in Pennsylvania's 
       Public Schools (Online) 
245 10 Economic Impact of Achievement Gaps in Pennsylvania's 
       Public Schools /|cLynn A. Karoly. 
264  1 [Place of publication not identified] :|bRand Corporation,
       |c2015. 
300    1 online resource 
336    text|btxt|2rdacontent 
337    computer|bc|2rdamedia 
338    online resource|bcr|2rdacarrier 
347    text file|2rdaft 
500    Title from content provider. 
504    Includes bibliographical references (pages 93-99). 
520    "Although Pennsylvania is one of the top-scoring states on
       the 2013 National Assessment of Educational Progress 
       (NAEP) on average, the achievement gaps between students 
       classified by race-ethnicity, economic status, and parent 
       education are among the largest in the country. For eighth
       -grade reading and math, the share of white students in 
       Pennsylvania achieving proficiency or above exceeds the 
       share for African-American and Latino students by as much 
       as 24 to 38 percentage points, depending on the assessment
       and subject. There are equally large differences in 
       student achievement based on family economic status and 
       parent education, as well as sizeable gaps in performance 
       across school districts. If race-ethnic or socioeconomic 
       achievement gaps were eliminated, average achievement 
       scores for Pennsylvania would match Massachusetts' result 
       (the top-scoring state on the NAEP) and likely place the 
       state among the top-scoring countries internationally ... 
       Notably, race-ethnic academic achievement gaps amount to 
       an estimated annual cost of $1 billion to $3 billion in 
       lost earnings, which equates to 6 to 15 percent of the 
       earnings for African-American and Latino workers. If 
       student performance gaps based on race-ethnicity or family
       economic status were closed for future cohorts, each 
       annual cohort in Pennsylvania would gain $3 billion to $5 
       billion in present-value lifetime compensation and 
       nonmarket benefits. These social gains from closing race-
       ethnic gaps equate to approximately $83,000 to $125,000 in
       present-value dollars per African-American and Latino 
       student."--Website. 
590    JSTOR|bBooks at JSTOR Open Access 
650  0 Academic achievement|0https://id.loc.gov/authorities/
       subjects/sh85000296|xEconomic aspects|0https://id.loc.gov/
       authorities/subjects/sh99005484|zPennsylvania.|0https://
       id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n79022911-781 
650  0 Education|xEconomic aspects|0https://id.loc.gov/
       authorities/subjects/sh85041004|zPennsylvania.|0https://
       id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n79022911-781 
650  0 Minorities|xEducation|0https://id.loc.gov/authorities/
       subjects/sh85085794|xEconomic aspects|0https://id.loc.gov/
       authorities/subjects/sh99005484|zPennsylvania.|0https://
       id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n79022911-781 
650  0 Discrimination in education|0https://id.loc.gov/
       authorities/subjects/sh85038386|xEconomic aspects|0https:/
       /id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh99005484|zPennsylvania.
       |0https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n79022911-781 
650  7 Academic achievement|xEconomic aspects.|2fast|0https://
       id.worldcat.org/fast/794953 
650  7 Academic achievement.|2fast|0https://id.worldcat.org/fast/
       794949 
650  7 Education|xEconomic aspects.|2fast|0https://
       id.worldcat.org/fast/902610 
650  7 Minorities|xEducation|xEconomic aspects.|2fast|0https://
       id.worldcat.org/fast/1023121 
650  7 Minorities|xEducation.|2fast|0https://id.worldcat.org/fast
       /1023119 
650  7 Discrimination in education|xEconomic aspects.|2fast
       |0https://id.worldcat.org/fast/895039 
650  7 Discrimination in education.|2fast|0https://
       id.worldcat.org/fast/895037 
651  7 Pennsylvania.|2fast|0https://id.worldcat.org/fast/1204598 
655  0 Electronic book. 
655  4 EBooks (www) 
655  4 Electronic books. 
710 2  JSTOR (Organization)|0https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names
       /no97001983 
856 40 |uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7249/j.ctt19rmcph
       |zOnline eBook. Open Access via JSTOR. 
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994    92|bRID