| Description |
1 online resource (xiii, 168 pages) |
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data file |
| Physical Medium |
polychrome |
| Note |
"Prepared for the U.S. Army, RAND Arroyo Center." |
| Bibliography |
Includes bibliographical references (pages 155-168). |
| Summary |
The information revolution is leading to the rise of network forms of organization in which small, previously isolated groups can communicate, link up, and conduct coordinated joint actions as never before. This in turn is leading to a new mode of conflict--"netwar"--In which the protagonists depend on using network forms of organization, doctrine, strategy, and technology. Many actors across the spectrum of conflict--from terrorists, guerrillas, and criminals who pose security threats, to social activists who may not--are developing netwar designs and capabilities. The Zapatista movement in Mexico is a seminal case of this. In January 1994, a guerrilla-like insurgency in Chiapas by the Zapatista National Liberation Army (EZLN), and the Mexican government's response to it, aroused a multitude of civil-society activists associated with human-rights, indigenous-rights, and other types of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) to "swarm"--electronically as well as physically--from the United States, Canada, and elsewhere into Mexico City and Chiapas. There, they linked with Mexican NGOs to voice solidarity with the EZLN's demands and to press for nonviolent change. Thus, what began as a violent insurgency in an isolated region mutated into a nonviolent though no less disruptive "social netwar" that engaged the attention of activists from far and wide and had nationwide and foreign repercussions for Mexico. This study examines the rise of this social netwar, the information-age behaviors that characterize it (e.g., extensive use of the Internet), its effects on the Mexican military, its implications for Mexico's stability, and its implications for the future occurrence of social netwars elsewhere around the world |
| Access |
Use copy Restrictions unspecified MiAaHDL |
| Reproduction |
Electronic reproduction. [Place of publication not identified] : HathiTrust Digital Library, 2010. MiAaHDL |
| System Details |
Master and use copy. Digital master created according to Benchmark for Faithful Digital Reproductions of Monographs and Serials, Version 1. Digital Library Federation, December 2002. http://purl.oclc.org/DLF/benchrepro0212 MiAaHDL |
| Processing Action |
digitized 2010 HathiTrust Digital Library committed to preserve MiAaHDL |
| Contents |
Cover; Preface; Contents; Figures; Tables; Summary; Acknowledgments; Chapter One -- An Insurgency Becomes a Social Netwar; Chapter Two -- The Advent of Netwar: Analytic Background; Definition of Netwar; Networks Versus Hierarchies: Challenges for Counternetwar; Varieties of Netwar; Mexico -- Scene of Multiple Netwars; Chapter Three Emergence of the Zapatista Netwar; Three Layers to the Zapatista Movement; The Indigenas: Growing Desparation and Politicization; The EZLN: Mixture of Vertical and Horizontal Designs; Activist NGOs: Global, Regional, and Local Networks; On the Eve of War |
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Chapter Four -- Mobilization for ConflictThe EZLN in Combat -- a War of the FLea -- Transnational NGO Mobilization -- a War of the Swarm -- Chapter Five -- Transformation of the Conflict; Zapatista Emphasis on Information Operations -- Attenuation and Restructuring of Combat Operations; Government Efforts at Counternetwar; Chapter Six -- The Netwar Simmers-and Diffuses; Situational Standoff; From the EZLN to the EPR-Diffusion in Mexico; The Zapatista Netwar Goes Global; Assessments of the EZNL/Zapatista Movement; Actors to Watch: the Military and the NGOs |
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Basic Implication for U.S. Military Policy: ""Guarded Openness""Chapter Seven -- Beyond Mexico; Toward a Demography of Social Netwar; Evolution of Organization, Doctrine, and Strategy; Favorable Conditions for Social Netwar; Challenges to Authoritarian Systems; Implicaitons for the U.S. Army and Military Strategy; Concluding Comment; Appendix A -- Chronology of the Zapatista Social Netwar (1994 -- 1996); Appendix B -- Rethinking Mexico's Stability and Transformability; Bibliography |
| Local Note |
JSTOR Books at JSTOR Open Access |
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eBooks on EBSCOhost EBSCO eBook Subscription Academic Collection - North America |
| Language |
English. |
| Subject |
Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Mexico) -- Public opinion.
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Eje⁺ѓrcito Zapatista de Liberacio⁺ѓn Nacional (Mexico) -- Public opinion.
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Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Mexico) |
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Public opinion. |
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Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (México) -- Opinión pública. |
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Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional. |
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Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional. |
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Chiapas (Mexico) -- History -- Peasant Uprising, 1994- -- Propaganda.
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Mexico -- Military policy.
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Mexico. |
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Military policy. |
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National security -- Mexico.
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National security. |
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Internet -- Social aspects -- Mexico.
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Internet -- Social aspects. |
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Information networks -- Social aspects -- Mexico.
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Information networks -- Social aspects. |
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Public opinion -- Mexico.
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Peasant Uprising (Chiapas, Mexico : 1994-) |
| Chronological Term |
Since 1994 |
| Genre/Form |
Electronic books.
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Electronic books.
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History.
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| Added Author |
Ronfeldt, David F.
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Arroyo Center.
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| Other Form: |
Print version: Zapatista "social netwar" in Mexico. Santa Monica, CA : Rand, 1998 0833026569 (DLC) 98030809 (OCoLC)39677863 |
| ISBN |
0585246483 (electronic book) |
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9780585246482 (electronic book) |
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9780833043320 (electronic book) |
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0833043323 (electronic book) |
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9780833026569 |
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0833026569 |
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1282451480 |
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9781282451483 |
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9786612451485 |
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6612451483 |
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