LEADER 00000cam a2200865Ia 4500
001 ocn779490427
003 OCoLC
005 20160527041526.1
006 m o d
007 cr cnu---unuuu
008 120307s2011 au ab obt i000 0 eng d
019 862106483|a903604996
020 9789210552615|q(electronic book)
020 921055261X|q(electronic book)
020 9789211303087|q(electronic book)
020 9211303087|q(electronic book)
035 (OCoLC)779490427|z(OCoLC)862106483|z(OCoLC)903604996
040 N$T|beng|epn|cN$T|dOCLCQ|dCUI|dOCLCO|dOCLCQ|dYDXCP|dCEF
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043 fc-----
049 RIDW
050 4 HV6252.5.A352|bO74 2011eb
055 5 HV*
072 7 POL|x040020|2bisacsh
072 7 POL|x011000|2bisacsh
082 04 327.940967|222
090 HV6252.5.A352|bO74 2011eb
245 00 Organized crime and instability in Central Africa :|ba
threat assessment.
264 1 Vienna, Austria :|bUnited Nations Office on Drugs and
Crime,|c2011.
300 1 online resource (116 pages) :|billustrations, maps
336 text|btxt|2rdacontent
337 computer|bc|2rdamedia
338 online resource|bcr|2rdacarrier
340 |gpolychrome|2rdacc
347 text file|2rdaft
500 October 2011.
504 Includes bibliographical references.
505 0 Preface. -- Main findings and recommendations. --
Executive summary. -- Introduction. -- Conflict and crime.
-- Drug flows. -- Mineral resource flows. -- Environmental
resource flows. -- Product flows. -- Organized crime as a
source of conflict finance and instability. --
Implications for policy.
520 Conflict in Central Africa appears to have declined
remarkably in recent years. The remaining instability and
violence, which predominantly affect the Eastern DRC, seem
to be increasingly the result of criminal acts in a
context of persistent lawlessness and weak state
institutions, rather than the product of war. This context
makes it difficult to provide the criminal justice
response that crimes such as murder, rape and trafficking
in children require. Although political grievances remain,
much of the current instability and lawlessness is tied to
activities such as trafficking in minerals and other forms
of contraband. Those profiting include members of illegal
armed groups and corrupt elements in the military, who
have an economic interest in maintaining the current
situation. Militant organizations may have had political
origins, but today, many could be better described as
criminal groups. The largest source of finance for these
groups is the minerals trade. Unless the flows of
contraband are addressed, incentives for armed groups to
perpetuate instability, lawlessness and violence will
persist and it will be extremely difficult to build state
capacity in this region. The current approach to tackling
the instability in the Eastern DRC has focused heavily on
the military. Fighting insurgencies requires soldiers, but
fighting crime requires a functional and accessible
criminal justice system. Building law enforcement capacity
in the region requires capacity-building and reform in the
police, courts and prisons. In parallel to this long-term
effort, immediate responses are needed to undercut the
financing of armed groups. There are a number of efforts
from governments and international organizations to
regulate the mineral supply chain. The idea is to promote
transparency and provide certification that the minerals
are not funding armed groups. All of these initiatives
require a mechanism to ensure the integrity of shipments
from mine sites to the point of export. Toward this end, a
quick impact project aimed at curtailing trafficking and
building the capacity of the local police could build
positive momentum in the Eastern DRC. The transport of
bulky minerals requires the use of roads, and there are a
limited number of useable roads in the Eastern DRC.
International police presently stationed in the region
could partner with the Congolese Mining Police to ensure
the security of the relatively small land area required
for transporting this commodity. Countries covered by this
report include Africa's Great Lakes region -- Democratic
Republic of Congo, Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Burundi,
Rwanda, Zambia, Malawi and Mozambique -- as well as other
sub-Saharan states including Cameroon, Gabon, Congo,
Central African Republic, South Sudan, Angola, Namibia,
Equatorial Guinea, Sao Tome and Principe, Seychelles,
Comoros, and Mauritius, among others.
536 Financial support for this study was provided by the
Governments of Sweden (through the UNODC Integrated
Programme and Oversight Branch) and Canada.
588 0 Print version record.
590 eBooks on EBSCOhost|bEBSCO eBook Subscription Academic
Collection - North America
650 0 Transnational crime|0https://id.loc.gov/authorities/
subjects/sh91006417|zAfrica, Central.|0https://id.loc.gov/
authorities/subjects/sh85001578-781
650 0 Transnational crime|0https://id.loc.gov/authorities/
subjects/sh91006417|xPrevention|0https://id.loc.gov/
authorities/subjects/sh99002416|xInternational
cooperation.|0https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/
sh00006352
650 0 Organized crime|0https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/
sh85095528|zAfrica, Central.|0https://id.loc.gov/
authorities/subjects/sh85001578-781
650 0 Organized crime|xPrevention|xInternational cooperation.
|0https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2010104577
650 0 Political stability|0https://id.loc.gov/authorities/
subjects/sh85104458|zAfrica, Central.|0https://id.loc.gov/
authorities/subjects/sh85001578-781
650 0 Violence|0https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/
sh85143514|zAfrica, Central.|0https://id.loc.gov/
authorities/subjects/sh85001578-781
650 0 Justice, Administration of|0https://id.loc.gov/authorities
/subjects/sh85071120|zAfrica, Central.|0https://id.loc.gov
/authorities/subjects/sh85001578-781
650 0 Smuggling|0https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/
sh85123713|zAfrica, Central.|0https://id.loc.gov/
authorities/subjects/sh85001578-781
650 0 Drug control|0https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/
sh85089820|zAfrica, Central.|0https://id.loc.gov/
authorities/subjects/sh85001578-781
650 7 Transnational crime.|2fast|0https://id.worldcat.org/fast/
1154880
650 7 International cooperation.|2fast|0https://id.worldcat.org/
fast/976857
650 7 Organized crime.|2fast|0https://id.worldcat.org/fast/
1047884
650 7 Organized crime|xPrevention|xInternational cooperation.
|2fast|0https://id.worldcat.org/fast/1047896
650 7 Political stability.|2fast|0https://id.worldcat.org/fast/
1069883
650 7 Violence.|2fast|0https://id.worldcat.org/fast/1167224
650 7 Justice, Administration of.|2fast|0https://id.worldcat.org
/fast/985154
650 7 Smuggling.|2fast|0https://id.worldcat.org/fast/1121775
650 7 Drug control.|2fast|0https://id.worldcat.org/fast/1032891
651 7 Central Africa.|2fast|0https://id.worldcat.org/fast/
1239510
653 Criminal justice system --|aAfrica, Central --|aGovernment
policy
653 Organized crime --|aAfrica, Central --|aPolitical
stability
653 Transnational crime --|aAfrica, Central --|aInternational
cooperation
655 4 Electronic books.
655 7 Technical reports.|2lcgft|0https://id.loc.gov/authorities/
genreForms/gf2015026093
655 7 Technical reports.|2fast|0https://id.worldcat.org/fast/
1941336
710 2 United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.|0https://
id.loc.gov/authorities/names/nr2003007969
776 08 |iPrint version:|tOrganized crime and instability in
Central Africa.|dVienna, Austria : United Nations Office
on Drugs and Crime, 2011|z9789211303087|w(OCoLC)746835035
856 40 |uhttps://rider.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://
search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&scope=site&
db=nlebk&AN=420932|zOnline eBook. Access restricted to
current Rider University students, faculty, and staff.
856 42 |3Instructions for reading/downloading this eBook|uhttp://
guides.rider.edu/ebooks/ebsco
901 MARCIVE 20231220
948 |d20160607|cEBSCO|tebscoebooksacademic|lridw
994 92|bRID
