Introduction : Who's on top? nation building and the gendered struggle for power -- Walking the tightrope : negotiating masculinity in an age of modernity -- Feminizing the Other : forging a national identity in José Martí's Chronicles and Essays -- Unveiling the mask of modernity in Amistad funesta -- Loosening the grips of hegemony through narrative : gender troping in Doña Bárbara and El Señor Presidente -- "Transgendering" and the emergence of ambiguously constructed subjects in Doña Bárbara -- Ecriture feminine and feminine imagery in El Señor Presidente -- Conclusion : Bigendered Nations.