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003    OCoLC 
005    20160527041620.5 
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007    cr cn||||||||| 
008    030120s2000    mdu     ob    001 0 eng d 
019    70746142|a488739197|a559425700|a646712642|a722141825
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020    0801873479|q(electronic book) 
020    9780801873478|q(electronic book) 
020    080186321X|q(alkaline paper) 
020    9780801863219|q(print) 
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049    RIDW 
050  4 QH319.A1|bA66 2000eb 
072  7 NAT|x027000|2bisacsh 
072  7 SCI|x086000|2bisacsh 
072  7 SCI|x008000|2bisacsh 
082 04 570/.7/2073|221 
090    QH319.A1|bA66 2000eb 
100 1  Appel, Toby A.,|d1945-|0https://id.loc.gov/authorities/
       names/n78020411 
245 10 Shaping biology :|bthe National Science Foundation and 
       American biological research, 1945-1975 /|cToby A. Appel. 
264  1 Baltimore :|bJohns Hopkins University Press,|c[2000] 
264  4 |c©2000 
300    1 online resource (xii, 393 pages) 
336    text|btxt|2rdacontent 
337    computer|bc|2rdamedia 
338    online resource|bcr|2rdacarrier 
340    |gpolychrome|2rdacc 
347    text file|2rdaft 
504    Includes bibliographical references (pages 289-367) and 
       index. 
520 8  Annotation Historians of the postwar transformation of 
       science have focused largely on the physical sciences, 
       especially the relation of science to the military funding
       agencies. In Shaping Biology, Toby A. Appel brings 
       attention to the National Science Foundation and federal 
       patronage of the biological sciences. Scientists by 
       training, NSF biologists hoped in the 1950s that the new 
       agency would become the federal government's chief patron 
       for basic research in biology, the only agency to fund the
       entire range of biology & mdash;from molecules to natural 
       history museums & mdash;for its own sake. Appel traces how
       this vision emerged and developed over the next two and a 
       half decades, from the activities of NSF's Division of 
       Biological and Medical Sciences, founded in 1952, through 
       the cold war expansion of the 1950s and 1960s and the 
       constraints of the Vietnam War era, to its reorganization 
       out of existence in 1975. This history of NSF highlights 
       fundamental tensions in science policy that remain 
       relevant today: the pull between basic and applied 
       science; funding individuals versus funding departments or
       institutions; elitism versus distributive policies of 
       funding; issues of red tape and accountability. In this 
       NSF-funded study, Appel explores how the agency developed,
       how it worked, and what difference it made in shaping 
       modern biology in the United States. Based on formerly 
       untapped archival sources as well as on interviews of 
       participants, and building upon prior historical 
       literature, Shaping Biology covers new ground and raises 
       significant issues for further research on postwar biology
       and on federal funding of science in general. 
588 0  Print version record. 
590    eBooks on EBSCOhost|bEBSCO eBook Subscription Academic 
       Collection - North America 
610 20 National Science Foundation (U.S.)|0https://id.loc.gov/
       authorities/names/n79005681|xHistory.|0https://id.loc.gov/
       authorities/subjects/sh99005024 
610 24 National Science Foundation (U.S.) 
610 27 National Science Foundation (U.S.)|2fast|0https://
       id.worldcat.org/fast/529404 
650  0 Biology|xResearch|0https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects
       /sh89006496|zUnited States|0https://id.loc.gov/authorities
       /names/n78095330-781|xHistory.|0https://id.loc.gov/
       authorities/subjects/sh99005024 
650  2 Biological Science Disciplines|xhistory.|0https://
       id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D001690Q000266 
650  2 Academies and Institutes|xhistory.|0https://id.nlm.nih.gov
       /mesh/D000047Q000266 
650  2 Research Support as Topic|xhistory.|0https://
       id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D012109Q000266 
650  7 History.|2fast|0https://id.worldcat.org/fast/958235 
650  7 Biology|xResearch.|2fast|0https://id.worldcat.org/fast/
       832448 
651  2 United States.|0https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D014481 
651  7 United States.|2fast|0https://id.worldcat.org/fast/1204155
655  4 Electronic books. 
655  7 History.|2fast|0https://id.worldcat.org/fast/1411628 
776 08 |iPrint version:|aAppel, Toby A., 1945-|tShaping biology.
       |dBaltimore : Johns Hopkins University Press, ©2000
       |z080186321X|w(DLC)   99089620|w(OCoLC)43050289 
856 40 |uhttps://rider.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://
       search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&scope=site&
       db=nlebk&AN=75594|zOnline eBook. Access restricted to 
       current Rider University students, faculty, and staff. 
856 42 |3Instructions for reading/downloading this eBook|uhttp://
       guides.rider.edu/ebooks/ebsco 
901    MARCIVE 20231220 
948    |d20160615|cEBSCO|tebscoebooksacademic|lridw 
994    92|bRID