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050 4 JQ1789.A5|bU75 2012eb online
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245 00 Using social media to gauge Iranian public opinion and
mood after the 2009 election /|cSara Beth Elson [and
others].
264 1 Santa Monica, CA :|bRAND,|c2012.
300 1 online resource (xxi, 86 pages).
336 text|btxt|2rdacontent
337 computer|bc|2rdamedia
338 online resource|bcr|2rdacarrier
340 |gpolychrome.|2rdacc
347 text file|2rdaft
490 1 Technical report
504 Includes bibliographical references.
505 0 Introduction -- Methodology -- Background on social media
use in Iran and events surrounding the 2009 election --
Overall trends in public mood in Iran after the 2009
presidential election -- Iranian public opinion about
specific topics in the aftermath of the 2009 election --
Methodological considerations -- Next steps: a design for
a second phase of the this program of research -- Appendix
: Additional details regarding methodology: data
collection and analysis.
505 0 Preface -- Figures and Table -- Summary -- Acknowledgments
-- Abbreviations -- Introduction -- Analysis of Social
Media Can Help Gauge Public Opinion and Mood in Closed
Societies -- A New Computer-Based Tool Offers a Promising
Means of Tapping into Politically Oriented Content in
Social Media -- This Type of Analysis Can Have Important
Policy Uses -- Organization of This Report -- Methodology
-- The Precedent for Our Approach: Previous Research Using
LIWC and Word-Usage Analysis -- LIWC Has Been Shown to
Accurately Represent Verbal Expression -- The Real
Potential of Exploring Word Usage Lies in Its Links with
Behaviors and Outcomes -- Word Usage Is Now Being Studied
in Politically Oriented Contexts -- Our Research Process -
- Planning Tasks: Understanding the Sphere of Relevant
Social Media -- Selecting Twitter Texts -- Selecting Iran-
Relevant Political Topics -- Selecting the LIWC Word
Categories to Use in Our Analysis and Defining How We
Would Interpret Them -- Background on Social Media Use in
Iran and Events Surrounding the 2009 Election -- Social
Media Use in Contemporary Iran -- The Scale of Internet
and Social Media Usage in Contemporary Iran -- Who Is
Using Social Media in Iran? -- The Anonymity Factor -- The
Iranian Information Environment Prior to the 2009
Presidential Election -- The Use of Social Media During
the 2009 Presidential Election in Iran -- The Role of
Social Media in Iran's Internal Politics Grew Rapidly
After the 2009 Presidential Election -- Major Events in
Iran During the Post-Election Period -- The Rise of Mass
Protests -- June 19: Khamenei's Friday Prayer Speech --
June 20: Neda Agha-Soltan's Death -- July 9: Anniversary
of the 1999 Student Uprisings -- August 5: Ahmadinejad's
Inauguration -- September 18: Quds Day -- Late December:
Ashura Day Protests -- February 11, 2010: 31st Anniversary
of the Islamic Revolution -- Overall Trends in Public Mood
in Iran After the 2009 Presidential Election -- Public
Mood Throughout the Nine Months After the Election --
Twitter's Clearest Indicator of Mood and Forecaster of
Action: Swear Words -- Use of Pronouns on Twitter After
the Election -- Summary -- Iranian Public Opinion About
Specific Topics in the Aftermath of the 2009 Election --
Public Opinion Leading Domestic Political Figures:
Ahmadinejad, Khamenei, Mousavi, and Karroubi -- Summary --
Background -- Comparing Trends in Public Opinion About
Political Figures -- Around the Quds Day Protest, Twitter
Users Wrote More Negatively About Khamenei Than About
Ahmadinejad -- At Certain Points, Twitter Users Wrote More
Positively and Less Negatively About Karroubi Than About
Mousavi -- Initially, Twitter Users Swore More About
Ahmadinejad Than About Mousavi, but the Opposite Became
True -- Policy Implications -- Pro-Government and
Opposition Groups: The Green Movement, the Revolutionary
Guards, and the Basij -- Summary -- Background --
Comparing Trends in Public Opinion About Political Groups
-- The Green Movement Was Viewed More Positively Than the
Revolutionary Guards or Basij -- Twitter Users Swore More
About the Basij Than About the Revolutionary Guards --
Public Opinion About the United States, President Obama,
and the CIA -- Summary -- Usage of Swear Words Suggests
Early Frustration with the United States and President
Obama, as Well as a Strong Desire for U.S. Action -- Usage
of First-Person Singular Pronouns Regarding the United
States and President Obama Generally Paralleled Usage of
Swear Words -- Pronoun Use When Writing About Obama as
Compared with Iranian Figures -- Twitter Users Expressed
Less Negative Emotion When Writing About Obama as Compared
with Iranian Figures -- Positive Emotions in Tweets About
Obama Showed Several Pronounced Spikes Compared with
Tweets About the United States -- Some Twitter Users
Pointed to Foreign Influence, Particularly Intelligence
Agencies, as the Driving Force Behind Protests -- Public
Opinion About Specific Countries: Israel, the United
States, and Iran -- Summary -- Twitter Users Only
Infrequently Swore Regarding Israel or the United States -
- Twitter Users Swore More When Referring to the "Islamic
Republic" Than to "Iran" -- Twitter Users Expressed
Positive Emotions Toward Israelis Who May Have Aided the
Protest Movement -- Methodological Considerations --
Additional Demonstration of the Methodology: Sadness Words
-- Linguistic Indicators That Did Not Work as Expected on
Twitter -- Differences in Phrasing May Reflect Differing
Intentions and Writing Styles -- Limitations of Automated
Analysis Suggest That It Is a Complementary Approach to
Manual Analysis -- Next Steps: A Design for a Second Phase
of This Program of Research -- Looking Ahead Toward the
2013 Iranian Presidential Elections -- Validating the
Methodology -- Improving Current Aspects of the
Methodology -- Expanding the Scope of the Current Work --
Additional Details Regarding Methodology: Data Collection
and Analysis -- References.
520 In the months after the contested Iranian presidential
election in June 2009, Iranians used Twitter--a social
media service that allows users to send short text
messages, called tweets, with relative anonymity--to speak
out about the election and the protests and other events
that followed it. The authors of this report used an
automated content analysis program called Linguistic
Inquiry and Word Count 2007 (LIWC) to analyze more than
2.5 million tweets discussing the Iran election that were
sent in the nine months following it. The authors (1)
identify patterns in word usage over the nine-month period
and (2) examine whether these patterns coincided with
political events, to gain insight into how people may have
felt before, during, and after those events. For example,
they compare how the frequencies with which negative
sentiments were directed toward President Mahmoud
Ahmadinejad, his election opponents, and President Barack
Obama changed over time, and they track the way in which
the use of swear words sharply increased in the days
leading up to specific protests. Particularly in countries
where freedom of expression is limited, automated analysis
of social media appears to hold promise for such policy
uses as assessing public opinion or outreach efforts and
forecasting events such as large-scale protests.--
Publisher description.
588 0 Print version record.
590 eBooks on EBSCOhost|bEBSCO eBook Subscription Academic
Collection - North America
590 JSTOR|bBooks at JSTOR Open Access
630 00 Twitter.|0https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n2009031956
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648 7 2009|2fast
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sh85106459|zIran|0https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/
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650 0 Public opinion|0https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/
sh85108736|zIran.|0https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/
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650 0 Social media|0https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/
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650 0 Social media|0https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/
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650 7 Presidents.|2fast|0https://id.worldcat.org/fast/1075723
650 7 Public opinion.|2fast|0https://id.worldcat.org/fast/
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650 7 Social media|xPolitical aspects.|2fast|0https://
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650 7 Social media.|2fast|0https://id.worldcat.org/fast/1741098
650 7 Research.|2fast|0https://id.worldcat.org/fast/1095153
650 7 Social media.|2homoit|0https://homosaurus.org/v3/
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655 0 Electronic books.
655 4 Electronic books.
655 7 Electronic books.|2gtlm
700 1 Elson, Sara Beth.|0https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/
n2011086596
710 2 Rand Corporation.|bNational Security Research Division.
|0https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/no95044143
776 08 |iPrint version:|tUsing social media to gauge Iranian
public opinion and mood after the 2009 election.|dSanta
Monica, CA : RAND, 2011|z9780833059727|w(DLC) 2011049687
|w(OCoLC)768728903
830 0 Technical report (Rand Corporation)|0https://id.loc.gov/
authorities/names/n2005069635
856 40 |uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7249/tr1161rc|zOnline
ebook. Open Access via JSTOR.
856 40 |uhttps://rider.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://
search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&scope=site&
db=nlebk&AN=452104|zOnline ebook via EBSCO. Access
restricted to current Rider University students, faculty,
and staff.
901 MARCIVE 20231220
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