1. Darwinian framework -- 2. Powers, checks, and choice in Malthus -- 3. Hume and historical necessity -- 4. Sartre and unconditional responsibility -- 5. A rational animal -- 6. Mind/brain identity and the Cartesian framework -- 7. Human psychology and Skinnerian behaviourism -- 8. Motives and Freud's unconscious -- 9. Psychoanalysis and freewill -- 10. Lenin and the Cartesian inheritance.